报告题目：Chemical Processes at Earth Interior

报告嘉宾：John S. Tse，Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan 加拿大皇家科学院院士，教授

报告时间：2024年10月16日 14:00

报告地点：吉林大学中心校区唐敖庆楼B521报告厅

嘉宾简介

　　Dr. Tse joined the National Research Council in 1980 and became a Principal Research Officer and Leader of the Theory and Computation Program. His interest in high-pressure science started in early 1990 when he explained the phenomenon of pressure amorphization of crystalline solids. For this work, he was awarded the 1995 Chemical Society of Canada Noranda (later the Keith Laidler) award for a physical chemist under 45. Since moving to the University of Saskatchewan in 2004 as a Tier 1 Canada Research Chair on synchrotron materials science, he focused on the superconductivity behaviour of dense hydrogen alloys and magnetic single-molecule radical solids under compression. He was elected to a Fellow of the Royal Society, Canada in 2008. He received an earned D.Sc in 2012 and appointed a Centennial Research Chair and Distinguished Professor in 2018. Dr. Tse has published over 600 articles, including 33 reviews and book chapters on diverse subjects. His h-index is 80 with over 25,000 citations. Many of the papers appeared in the most prestigious scientific journals such as Nature (11), Nature Materials (1), Nature Chemistry (1), Nature Comm. (2), Science (3), Sci. Adv. (2), Phys. Rev. Letts. (35), Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (11), J. Amer. Chem. Soc. (16), Angewandt Chemie (5), Sci. Bull. (2) … etc. . He has presented over 300 lectures at international conferences and workshops. He served on many national and international committees and as a member of several journals' editor boards.

报告简介

　　The state of materials is defined by the pressure (P), volume (V) and temperature (T). The behaviour of the material can be very different under different PVT conditions. In this perspective, the Earth is a giant chemical reactor with large temperature and pressure variations. Thus, the chemical processes between materials are expected to differ significantly from ambient conditions. I will demonstrate how unusual physical, electronic and transport properties of minerals can occur in the Earthe interior. Specific examples include the reversal of the viscosity of molten magma, the formation of deep-Earth diamond with encaged water, the solvation of water in bridgmanite, the erroneous practice of using chemical shift to identify the oxidation of iron-bearing minerals and the validity of the Wiedeman-Franz Law to estimate the thermal conductivity of iron minerals in Earth core.

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